What is the main indication for using incentive spirometry in a patient?

Incentive spirometry is primarily used to prevent atelectasis, which is the partial or complete collapse of the lung. This device encourages patients, particularly those who have undergone surgery, to take deep breaths, expanding the lungs and increasing lung volume. By inhaling slowly and deeply through the spirometer, patients can keep their alveoli open, promote better gas exchange, and maintain lung expansion. This is crucial in preventing complications like pneumonia and lung infections that can arise from shallow breathing often seen in postoperative patients or those with limited mobility.

While assessing lung function, improving carbon dioxide elimination, and enhancing muscle strength are also important aspects of respiratory care, they are not the primary goal of incentive spirometry. The focus of using this device is specifically on preventing atelectasis by promoting optimal lung inflation and function. Therefore, the main indication for using incentive spirometry in a patient is to prevent atelectasis.