What is the primary concern when using a self-inflating infant resuscitator with a mask?

The primary concern when using a self-inflating infant resuscitator with a mask is gastric insufflation. This occurs when air enters the stomach instead of the lungs, which is particularly crucial in infants due to their anatomical and physiological characteristics. When positive pressure ventilation is used, especially when the mask is not perfectly sealed or if excessive pressure is applied, there is a significant risk of air being delivered to the stomach. Gastric insufflation can lead to complications such as decreased venous return, increased intrathoracic pressure, and potential for vomiting and aspiration.

Effective mask ventilation is imperative to ensure that air reaches the lungs instead of the stomach, and attention to the proper technique, such as achieving a good seal on the face and controlling the volume and pressure delivered, is vital to mitigate these risks. Understanding this concern helps caregivers prioritize correct ventilation techniques and monitor the infant closely during resuscitation efforts.