Which condition may be related to a fluid balance problem in a patient?

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a condition closely related to fluid balance problems in patients. In CHF, the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is compromised, leading to inadequate circulation and a buildup of fluid in various parts of the body, including the lungs, liver, and peripheral tissues. This fluid retention is a hallmark of CHF, often resulting in symptoms such as edema and dyspnea due to pulmonary congestion. Managing fluid balance through diuretics and other interventions is a critical aspect of treating patients with this condition.

While elevated central venous pressure (CVP) can indicate fluid overload and is often seen in CHF, it is more of a measurement that results from fluid balance issues rather than a condition itself. Pulmonary tuberculosis and pleurisy, although they can cause respiratory symptoms, are not primarily associated with fluid balance problems. Their pathophysiology involves infections and inflammatory processes rather than the heart's pumping ability and fluid regulation. Thus, congestive heart failure stands out as the condition directly linked to fluid imbalance.